时间：2026-10-23     【转载】

每100名儿童中，约有1名孤独症患儿。这个数字，让“孤独症”三个字已不再遥远。然而，知道一个名词和真正读懂一群孩子之间，隔着的往往是一整条认知的鸿沟。

10月22日，由扬州市残联、市卫健委联合依托扬州市妇女儿童医院打造的扬州市孤独症科普馆正式开馆，并面向公众开放。该馆建成后，将成为我市首个集科学认知、实操赋能、政策导航、互动体验于一体的孤独症主题科普场馆。

科学认知

据介绍，扬州市孤独症科普馆在内容设计上下了不少功夫。

在科学认知区,系统梳理孤独症的科学定义与神经发育机制，针对“孤独症就是性格内向”“都是父母没带好”“长大就好了”等多个常见认知误区逐一解读。

“很多人以为孤独症孩子不看人是‘没礼貌’，其实，对他们来说，眼神对视带来的感官刺激可能像强光一样难以承受。叫名字不应也不是‘故意不理’，而是他们的大脑难以从纷杂的环境声中筛选出有效信息。”市残联相关负责人举例，展区将运用应用行为分析理论，通过行为卡片墙，把孩子的典型行为“翻译”给家长和公众，同时配套科学的应对指导。针对普通群众，普及什么是孤独症，破除常见认知误区，教大家记住“五不”早期预警信号。针对康复家长，讲解家庭康复技巧，提供救助政策，给家庭实实在在的支持。

体验实操

记者注意到，场馆还设置了沉浸式感官体验装置，让参观者通过听觉、视觉、触觉等多通道互动，切身感受孤独症患者的感官世界。例如在听觉体验站，参观者戴上耳机后可在两种模式间切换。普通人听到的是舒缓清晰的背景音乐，而切换到“孤独症孩子听到的世界”后，人声、机器嗡鸣、塑料袋摩擦声等多层声音将同时涌来，混作一团难以分辨。该负责人解释，希望这种体验能让公众真正理解这些孩子的“异常行为”背后的感受。

此外，场馆还建设了实操赋能区，按主要家庭不同场景展示康复工具及使用方法，并呈现从国际知名案例到扬州本地孩子的多层次成长故事。馆内还将设置支持导航区，系统梳理国家、省、市三级政策体系和康复救助申报流程，帮助家庭快速获取资源；同时设有“同频·心空间”，为家长和志愿者提供心理疏导与情感交流的专属区域。

全程关爱

“通过科普馆的建设，希望大家对孤独症的认知不再迟到，让干预不再走弯路，让每一个家庭都能找到方向。”市残联相关负责人介绍，该馆将创新构建医疗、残联、教育、家庭、社会“五位一体”协同服务框架，围绕“认知—理解—赋能—支持”设置四大主题展区，打造“可看、可学、可用”的科普阵地。

科普馆的建设，是我市持续织密孤独症全程关爱服务网络的缩影。近年来，面对持续增长的服务需求，我市持续完善全周期、全覆盖的孤独症康复救助政策体系。目前，全市布局15家孤独症定点康复机构，实现区域服务全覆盖。今年，我市还建成7家孤独症自助互助服务点，配备智能康复辅具设备，常态化开展家庭康复指导、家长情绪疏导、同伴互助交流等服务，累计开展活动81场次，服务覆盖3486人次，有效缓解孤独症家庭长期照护压力。

Among every 100 children, about 1 has autism. This figure makes the three characters "autism" no longer distant. Yet between knowing a term and truly understanding a group of children often lies an entire chasm of comprehension.

On October 22, the Yangzhou Autism Awareness Science Museum — jointly built by the Yangzhou Disabled Persons' Federation and the Municipal Health Commission on the basis of the Yangzhou Municipal Women and Children's Hospital — was officially opened and made accessible to the public. Upon completion, it has become the city's first autism-themed science popularization venue that integrates scientific understanding, hands-on empowerment, policy navigation, and interactive experience.

Scientific Understanding

According to the introduction, the Yangzhou Autism Awareness Science Museum has put considerable effort into its content design.

In the Scientific Understanding Zone, it systematically lays out the scientific definition of autism and its neurodevelopmental mechanisms, and addresses one by one several common misconceptions such as "autism is just introversion," "it's all because the parents didn't raise the child well," and "they'll grow out of it."

"Many people think an autistic child who avoids eye contact is being 'impolite.' In fact, for them, the sensory stimulation of eye contact may be as unbearable as intense light. Not responding when called by name is not 'deliberately ignoring' either, but rather that their brains struggle to filter effective information out of the jumble of ambient sounds," explained a relevant official of the Municipal Disabled Persons' Federation. The exhibition zone will apply the theory of Applied Behavior Analysis and, through a wall of behavior cards, "translate" the children's typical behaviors for parents and the public, accompanied by scientific guidance on how to respond. For the general public, it popularizes what autism is, dispels common misconceptions, and teaches everyone to remember the "five no's" early warning signals. For parents in rehabilitation, it explains home-based rehabilitation techniques, provides assistance policies, and gives families tangible support.

Experiential Practice

The reporter noticed that the venue also features immersive sensory experience installations, allowing visitors to personally feel the sensory world of people with autism through multi-channel interaction involving hearing, vision, and touch. For example, at the auditory experience station, visitors can switch between two modes after putting on headphones. An ordinary person hears soothing, clear background music, but after switching to "the world as an autistic child hears it," layered sounds — human voices, the humming of machines, the rustling of plastic bags — all come rushing in at once, blending into an indistinguishable jumble. The official explained that the hope is that this experience will let the public truly understand the feelings behind these children's "abnormal behaviors."

In addition, the venue has built a Hands-on Empowerment Zone, which displays rehabilitation tools and their methods of use across the main scenarios of family life, and presents multi-level growth stories ranging from internationally renowned cases to local Yangzhou children. The museum will also set up a Support Navigation Zone, systematically sorting out the three-tier (national, provincial, and municipal) policy system and the rehabilitation assistance application process to help families quickly access resources; at the same time, there is a "Same Frequency · Heart Space" (Tongpin · Xin Kongjian), providing a dedicated area for psychological counseling and emotional exchange for parents and volunteers.

Full-Process Care

"Through the building of the science museum, we hope everyone's understanding of autism will no longer be late, that intervention will no longer take detours, and that every family can find its direction," introduced a relevant official of the Municipal Disabled Persons' Federation. The museum will innovatively build a "five-in-one" collaborative service framework encompassing medicine, the Disabled Persons' Federation, education, family, and society, and will set up four major themed exhibition zones around "understanding — comprehension — empowerment — support," creating a science popularization base that is "viewable, learnable, and usable."

The building of the science museum is a microcosm of our city's continuing effort to weave a tighter full-process care service network for autism. In recent years, facing continuously growing service demand, our city has kept refining its full-cycle, full-coverage rehabilitation assistance policy system for autism. At present, the city has deployed 15 designated autism rehabilitation institutions, achieving full regional service coverage. This year, the city also built 7 self-help and mutual-aid service points for autism, equipped with smart rehabilitation assistive devices, and has been carrying out on a regular basis services such as home rehabilitation guidance, parental emotional counseling, and peer mutual-aid exchange — holding 81 activities cumulatively, covering 3,486 person-times, and effectively easing the long-term caregiving pressure on families affected by autism.